Videomöte istället för fysiskt besök i primärvården

Publikationstyp: SBU:s upplysningstjänst Rapport ut202111Publicerad: 2 juni 2021

Fråga och sammanfattning

Den ökade tillgången till smarta mobiler, surfplattor och datorer som möjliggör kommunikation via videosamtal i realtid har ändrat hur patient och vårdpersonal kan mötas inom primärvården. Både i sjukvårdsregionernas egen regi och på den privata marknaden har utvecklingen av olika digitala vårdtjänster gått snabbt de senaste åren, och i spåren av covid-19-pandemin har både efterfrågan och utbudet av digitala vårdmöten ökat ytterligare.

Fråga

Vilken vetenskapligt sammanställd forskning och vetenskapliga studier finns kring diagnostik och behandling via videomöte inom primärvården, jämfört med ett fysiskt besök?

Frågeställare: Allmänläkare, medlem i arbetsgruppen för PrimärvårdsKvalitet.

Sammanfattning

SBU:s upplysningstjänst har efter litteratursökning och bedömning av risk för bias inte inkluderat någon systematisk översikt i svaret. Vi har dock identifierat 25 relevanta systematiska översikter som undersökt videomöte inom motsvarande primärvård i Sverige. Samtliga översikter bedömdes ha hög risk för bias och därför presenteras inte författarnas slutsatser här. SBU:s upplysningstjänst har även identifierat 87 kontrollerade primärstudier relevanta för vår frågeställning. Primärstudierna har inte bedömts för risk för bias och studieförfattarnas slutsatser presenteras därför inte här, men referenser till studierna finns listade och uppdelade per ämnesområde i Bilaga 3 för den som önskar läsa mer.

På SBU:s upplysningstjänst identifierar och redovisar vi sammanställd forskning (systematiska översikter) eller identifierar vetenskapliga studier som svar på en avgränsad fråga. Vi bedömer risken för bias (överskattning eller underskattning av resultat) i systematiska översikter och presenterar författarnas slutsatser från systematiska översikter med låg eller måttlig risk för bias. I vetenskapliga primärstudier bedömer vi inte risken för bias och därför presenteras de bara som referenser. Vid behov bedömer vi kvalitet avseende ekonomiska aspekter och överförbarhet av resultat i hälsoekonomiska studier och presenterar författarnas slutsatser från de studier som bedöms ha minst medelhög kvalitet och överförbarhet. I svaren väger vi inte samman resultaten eller bedömer graden av vetenskaplig tillförlitlighet.

Bakgrund

Hälso- och sjukvården genomgår, liksom många andra branscher, en snabb utveckling vad gäller digitalisering och videomöten har kommit att bli en viktig del i kontakten mellan vårdpersonal och patienter. Covid-19-pandemin har även den lett till en både omfattande och snabb digital omställning. Andelen vårdkontakter med privata digitala vårdgivare ökade kraftigt under våren år 2020, men i ännu högre takt ökade efterfrågan på och användningen av regionernas egna digitala lösningar. Under de första månaderna år 2020 nästan tiodubblades användningen av regionernas egna digitala tjänster [1].

Avgränsningar

Vi har gjort sökningar (se avsnittet Litteratursökning) i databaserna Medline (OVID), Embase, Cochrane Library och Scopus. Vi har även gjort sökningar i det internationella HTA-nätverket INAHTA:s databas, bland regionala HTA-organisationer i Sverige samt på Socialstyrelsens hemsida.

Vi har formulerat frågan enligt följande PICO¹:

Population: Patienter i primärvård
Intervention: Digitalt videomöte mellan patient och vårdpersonal
Control: Sedvanligt fysiskt möte (face-to-face) mellan patient och vårdpersonal
Outcome: Sjukdomsspecifika mått, patientnöjdhet, diagnostisk träffsäkerhet

Svaret inkluderar inte digitala vårdkontakter i form av chatt, textmeddelande, bildmeddelande och telefoni och omfattar inte hälsoekonomi eller påverkan på sjukvårdens organisation. Gruppinterventioner med videomöten är inte heller inkluderade.

För att vi skulle inkludera en artikel i svaret krävde vi att den var publicerad på engelska eller ett av de skandinaviska språken.

Litteratursökningen för kontrollerade primärstudier har begränsats till artiklar publicerade från år 2010 och framåt.

^1. PICO är en förkortning för patient/population/problem, intervention/index test, comparison/control (jämförelseintervention) och outcome (utfallsmått).

Bedömning av risk för bias

Under genomförandet av en systematisk översikt finns det risk för att resultatet blir snedvridet på grund av brister i avgränsning, litteraturgenomgång och hantering av resultaten. Det är därför viktigt att granska metoden i en systematisk översikt. Två utredare på SBU bedömde oberoende av varandra risken för bias i översikterna med stöd av de frågor som finns beskrivna i AMSTAR granskningsmall [2] utifrån sex delsteg (detaljerad beskrivning återges i Bilaga 4: Granskningsmall för att översiktligt bedöma risken för snedvridning/systematiska fel hos systematiska översikter). Om översikten inte uppfyllde kraven i ett steg bedömdes den inte vidare för efterföljande steg. En systematisk översikt har bedömts ha medelhög till låg risk för bias om den uppfyller alla kraven till och med steg 4 i SBU:s mall.

Systematiska översikter med låg eller måttlig risk för bias beskrivs i text och tabell. De översikter som bedöms ha hög risk för bias presenteras inte i text och tabell eftersom risken för att resultaten är missvisande bedöms vara för hög.

Primärstudier bedöms inte för risk för bias av SBU:s upplysningstjänst. Det är därför möjligt att flera av studierna kan ha haft högre risk för bias än vad SBU inkluderar i sina andra rapporttyper.

Resultat från sökningen

Upplysningstjänstens litteratursökning efter systematiska översikter genererade totalt 1 352 artikelsammanfattningar (abstrakt) efter dubblettkontroll. Två utredare på SBU läste alla artikelsammanfattningar och bedömde att 84 artiklar kunde vara relevanta. Dessa lästes i fulltext av båda utredarna oberoende av varandra. De artiklar som inte var relevanta för frågan exkluderades (59 stycken se Bilaga 2). I Upplysningstjänstens svar bedömdes risken för bias i 25 artiklar som var relevanta för frågan, men inga av dessa klarade kraven för låg eller måttlig risk för bias (Bilaga 2). Vi kommer därför inte att presentera några resultat eller slutsatser i detta svar. Se även Bilaga 1 för flödesschema över litteratursökningens resultat.

Avseende kontrollerade primärstudier publicerade år 2010 eller senare genererade litteratursökningen 4 479 artikelsammanfattningar (efter dubblettkontroll). Dessa artikelsammanfattningar delades upp och lästes av två utredare på SBU. De artikelsammanfattningar som ansågs relevanta för frågan finns sammanställda i en tabell per ämnesområde i Bilaga 3.

Primärstudier

SBU:s upplysningstjänst identifierade 87 kontrollerade primärstudier [3–89]. För dessa har inte risken för bias bedömts och av det skälet finns inte resultat eller slutsatser beskrivna i text eller tabell. Se Bilaga 3 för en sammanfattande lista med gruppering av de identifierade primärstudierna.

Lästips

En rapport som kan vara av intresse är HTA-enheten CAMTÖ:s systematiska översikt från år 2018, i vilken man har utvärderat medicinsk bedömning och diagnostik via digitala vårdbesök men med avgränsning för nytillkomna symtom [90].

I arbetet med detta svar identifierade Upplysningstjänsten en systematisk översikt med måttlig risk för bias [91]som undersökte videomöten inom öppenvård, inklusive specialistvård, vilket faller utanför vår frågeställning, men som ändå kan vara av intresse [91].

Projektgrupp

Detta svar är sammanställt av Idha Kurtsdotter (utredare), Laura Lintamo (utredare), Sara Fundell (projektadministratör), Irene Edebert (produktsamordnare), Per Lytsy (medicinskt sakkunnig) samt Pernilla Östlund (avdelningschef) vid SBU.

Detta svar har granskats av Patrik Midlöv, Professor, distriktsläkare, Lunds universitet, Centrum för Primärvårdsforskning (CPF), Institutionen för kliniska vetenskaper, Malmö.

Litteratursökning – systematiska översikter

Medline via OVID March 25 2021

Video visits – Systematic Reviews

The search result, usually found at the end of the documentation, forms the list of abstracts [MeSH] = Term from the Medline controlled vocabulary, including terms found below this term in the MeSH hierarchy; [MeSH:NoExp] = Does not include terms found below this term in the MeSH hierarchy; [MAJR] = MeSH Major Topic; [TIAB] = Title or abstract; [TI] = Title; [AU] = Author; [TW] = Text Word; Systematic[SB] = Filter for retrieving systematic reviews; * = Truncation
	Search terms	Items found
Video platform:
1.	exp Videoconferencing/	2203
2.	(video$ or skype or facetime).tw	134494
3.	real time telemedicine.tw	39
4.	1 OR 2 OR 3	135284
Health care contact:
5.	exp Remote consultation/	5159
6.	(e-consult$ or eConsult$ or e-doctor$ or eDoctor$ or e-clinic$ or eClinic$ or e-Therap$ or eTherap$ or e-appointment).tw	1156
7.	(virtual adj2 (appointment$ or communicat$ or consult$ or visit$ or clinic$)).tw	1366
8.	(electronic consult$ or econsult$ or e-consult$).tw	459
9.	WebGP.tw	1
10.	(non-face-to-face or face-to-face).tw	31158
11.	remote adj (health care OR healthcare).tw	243
12.	Telemedicine/ or Telerehabilitation/	27480
13.	(telemedicine OR telehealth OR telehealthcare OR telerehabilitation OR telecare).tw	18487
14.	office visits/	7100
15.	(visit$ OR office).tw	301855
16.	exp appointments and schedules/	9237
17.	(appointment$ OR patient schedule).tw	25612
18.	*"Referral and Consultation"/	26841
19.	(consultation$ OR counsel$).tw	192426
20.	exp practice patterns, physicians/	62286
21.	(clinical OR physicians) adj (practice pattern$).tw	452
22.	exp physician patient relations/	73694
23.	((physician OR doctor) adj (patient relation$)).tw	6109
24.	exp Primary Health Care/	166414
25.	(primary adj (health care OR healthcare OR care)).tw	124186
26.	exp General Practitioners/ OR exp Physicians, Family/	24761
27.	(general practitioner* OR family physician*).tw	65859
28.	exp Family Practice/ OR General Practice/	75653
29.	(general practice OR family practice).tw	43296
30	5 OR 6 OR 7 OR 8 OR 9 OR 10 OR 11 OR 12 OR 13 OR 14 OR 15 OR 16 OR 17 OR 18 OR 19 OR 20 OR 21 OR 22 OR 23 OR 24 OR 25 OR 26 OR 27 OR 28 OR 29	955101
Combined sets:
31.	4 AND 30	13614
Study types:
32.	exp systematic review/ or Cochrane library.mp or exp meta analysis/	229438
33.	((systematic$ adj3 review$) or meta analy$ or metaanaly$).ab,ti,kw	321178
34.	32 OR 33	349792
Final	31 AND 34	398

Cochrane Library via Wiley March 25 2021

Video visits – Systematic Reviews

The search result, usually found at the end of the documentation, forms the list of abstracts au = Author; MeSH = Term from the Medline controlled vocabulary, including terms found below this term in the MeSH hierarchy; this term only = Does not include terms found below this term in the MeSH hierarchy; :ti = Title; :ab = Abstract; :kw = Keyword; * = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase CDSR = Cochrane Database of Systematic Review; CENTRAL = Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, “trials”; CRM = Method Studies; DARE = Database Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, “other reviews”; EED = Economic Evaluations; HTA = Health Technology Assessments
	Search terms	Items found
Video platform:
1.	MeSH descriptor: [Videoconferencing] explode all trees	212
2.	(video* OR skype OR facetime):ti,ab,kw	22,782
3.	(real time telemedicine):ti,ab,kw	194
4.	#1 OR #2 OR #3	22,921
Health care contact:
5.	MeSH descriptor: [Office Visits] explode all trees	462
6.	(visit* OR office):ti,ab,kw	88,581
7.	MeSH descriptor: [Appointments and Schedules] explode all trees	1,068
8.	(appointment* OR patient schedule):ti,ab,kw	19,280
9.	MeSH descriptor: [Referral and Consultation] explode all trees	2,329
10.	(consultation* OR (consultation* AND referral*)):ti,ab,kw	12,841
11.	MeSH descriptor: [Practice Patterns, Physicians'] explode all trees	1,242
12.	(clinical practice pattern* OR physicians practice pattern*):ti,ab,kw	3,649
13.	MeSH descriptor: [Physician-Patient Relations] explode all trees	1,403
14.	(physician patient relation* OR doctor patient relation*):ti,ab,kw	6,605
15.	MeSH descriptor: [Telemedicine] explode all trees	2,708
16.	(telemedicine or e-health or ehealth or m-health or mhealth OR telehealth* or “tele health*” OR telecare OR “tele care”):ti,ab,kw	7,054
17.	((mobile or electronic or digital or virtual*) NEXT (health or healthcare)):ti,ab,kw	3,459
18.	(e-consult* or eConsult* or e-doctor* or eDoctor* or e-clinic* or eClinic*):ti,ab,kw	268
19.	(virtual NEXT (appointment* or communicat* or consult*)):ti,ab,kw	33
20.	(((remote or tele) and consult) or teleconsult*):ti,ab,kw	3,301
21.	MeSH descriptor: [Primary Health Care] explode all trees	7,429
22.	((primary NEXT (health care OR healthcare OR care))):ti,ab,kw	21,469
23.	MeSH descriptor: [General Practitioners] explode all trees	280
24.	MeSH descriptor: [Physicians, Family] explode all trees	455
25.	(general practitioner* OR family physician*):ti,ab,kw	11,458
26.	MeSH descriptor: [Family Practice] explode all trees	1,971
27.	MeSH descriptor: [General Practice] explode all trees	2,453
28.	(general practice OR family practice):ti,ab,kw	18,521
29.	#5 OR #6 OR #7 OR #8 OR #9 OR #10 OR #11 OR #12 OR #13 OR #14 OR #15 OR #16 OR #17 OR #18 OR #19 OR #20 OR #21 OR #22 OR #23 OR #24 OR #25 OR #26 OR #27 OR #28	156,770
Combined sets:
30.	#4 AND #29	5,079
Limits:
31.	Cochrane reviews	51
Final	31	51

Embase via embase.com March 25 2021

Video visits – Systematic Reviews

/de = Term from the EMTREE controlled vocabulary; /exp = Includes terms found below this term in the EMTREE hierarchy; /mj = Major Topic; :ab = Abstract; :au = Author; :ti = Article Title; :ti,ab = Title or abstract; * = Truncation; ’ ’ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase
	Search terms	Items found
Video platform:
1.	‘Videoconferencing’/exp	5,053
2.	(‘video*’ OR ‘skype’ OR ‘facetime’ OR ‘videophone’ OR ‘real time telemedicine’):ti,ab,kw	196,409
3.	1 OR 2	197,882
Health care contact:
4.	telemedicine/exp	47,075
5.	(‘telemedicine’ or ‘tele medicine’ OR ‘telehealth’ OR ‘telehealthcare’ OR ‘telerehabilitation’ OR ‘telecare’ OR ‘telediagnosis’):ti,ab,kw	28,538
6.	(‘e-health’ OR ‘ehealth’ OR ‘m-health’ OR ‘mhealth’):ti,ab,kw	14,169
7.	consultation/exp	126,830
8.	(‘e-consult’ OR ‘eConsult’ OR ‘e-doctor’ OR ‘eDoctor’ OR ‘e-clinic’ OR ‘eClinic’ OR ‘e-Therap’ OR ‘eTherap’ OR ‘e-appointment*’):ti,ab,kw	3,123
9.	(‘appointment’ OR ‘patient schedule’ OR ‘consult’ OR ‘counsel’ OR ‘referral’):ti,ab,kw	587,601
10.	(‘visit*’ OR ‘office’):ti,ab,kw	475,010
11.	((‘clinical’ OR ‘physician’) NEXT/1 ‘practice pattern*’):ti,ab,kw	1,299
12.	((‘physician’ OR ‘doctor’) NEXT/1 ‘patient relation*’):ti,ab,kw	9,794
13.	‘health care’/de OR ‘rural health care’/exp OR ‘medical care’/exp	1,238,962
14.	‘health care delivery’/de OR aftercare/exp OR ‘ambulatory care’/exp OR ‘community care’/exp OR ‘long term care’/exp OR ‘primary health care’/exp	2,356,589
15.	(‘primary’ NEXT/1 (‘health care’ OR ‘healthcare’ OR ‘care’)):ti,ab,kw	194,296
16.	((‘mobile’ OR ‘electronic’ OR ‘digital’ OR ‘virtualized’ OR ‘remote’) NEXT/1 (‘health’ OR ‘healthcare’)):ti,ab,kw	38,782
17.	(‘virtual’ NEXT/2 (‘appointment’ OR ‘communicat’ OR ‘consult’ or ‘care’ OR ‘contact’ OR ‘clinic*’)):ti,ab,kw	2,084
18.	(((remote OR tele) NEXT/2 consult) OR teleconsult*):ti,ab,kw	5,625
19.	‘WebGP’:ti,ab,kw	1
20.	(‘non-face-to-face’ OR ‘face-to-face’):ti,ab,kw	41,054
21.	‘general practitioner’/exp	103,435
22.	(general practitioner* OR family physician*):ti,ab,kw	63,207
23.	General Practice/exp	61,691
24.	((general OR family) adj2 practice):ti,ab,kw	86,083
25.	4 OR 5 OR 6 OR 7 OR 8 OR 9 OR 10 OR 11 OR 12 OR 13 OR 14 OR 15 OR 16 OR 17 OR 18 OR 19 OR 20 OR 21 OR 22 OR 23 OR 24	4,150,206
Combined sets:
26.	3 AND 25	43,984
Study types:
27.	‘systematic review’/exp OR ‘Cochrane library’/exp OR ‘meta analysis’/exp	392,622
28.	((systematic* NEAR/3 review) OR meta analy* OR metaanaly*):ab,ti,kw	306,809
29.	27 OR 28	473,788
Final	26 AND 29	910

Scopus via scopus.com March 25 2021

Video visits – Systematic Reviews

TITLE-ABS-KEY = Title or abstract or keywords; ALL = All fields; W/n = "Within". The terms in the search must be within a specified number of terms (n) in any order.; * = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase
	Search terms	Items found
Video platform:
1.	( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( video* OR skype OR facetime ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( "real time telemedicine" ) )	559,298
Health care contact:
2.	( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( remote PRE/2 consultation ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( e-consult* OR econsult$ OR e-doctor* OR edoctor* OR e-clinic* OR eclinic* OR "electronic consult" OR e-appointment ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( virtual W/2 ( appointment OR communicat* OR consult* OR visit* OR clinic* ) ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( webgp ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( non-face-to-face OR face-to-face ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( ( remote OR tele OR virtual* ) PRE/2 ( "health care" OR healthcare ) ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( telemedicine OR telehealth OR telehealthcare OR telerehabilitation OR telecare ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( visit* OR office ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( "appointments and schedules" OR "Referral and Consultation" ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( appointment* OR "patient schedule" ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( consultation* OR counsel* ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( "practice patterns, physicians" ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( ( clinical OR physicians ) PRE/1 ( "practice pattern*" ) ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( primary PRE/1 ( "health care" OR healthcare OR care ) ) )	1,516,106
Combined sets:
3.	#1 AND #2	26,766
Study types:
4.	( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( "systematic review" OR "Cochrane library" OR "meta analysis" ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( ( systematic* W/3 review* ) OR "meta analy" OR metaanaly ) )	513,199
Final	#3 AND #4	615

Litteratursökning – kontrollerade studier

Medline via OVID March 25 2021

Video visits – Controlled studies

The search result, usually found at the end of the documentation, forms the list of abstracts [MeSH] = Term from the Medline controlled vocabulary, including terms found below this term in the MeSH hierarchy; [MeSH:NoExp] = Does not include terms found below this term in the MeSH hierarchy; [MAJR] = MeSH Major Topic; [TIAB] = Title or abstract; [TI] = Title; [AU] = Author; [TW] = Text Word; Systematic; [SB] = Filter for retrieving systematic reviews; * = Truncation
	Search terms	Items found
Video platform:
1.	exp Videoconferencing/	2203
2.	(skype or facetime).tw	484
3.	real time telemedicine.tw	39
4.	videolink.tw	38
5.	interactive video*.tw	704
6.	videoconferenc*.tw	2486
7.	videovisit*.tw	2
8.	((video or virtual) adj2 (visit* or conferenc* or appointment* or meeting* or link or consult* or communicat* or teleconsult* or teleconferenc* or telehealth)).tw	3846
9.	(real time adj2 (video or telemedicine or encounter)).tw	763
10.	video-to-home.tw	64
11.	(alternative* adj3 face-to-face).tw	228
12.	telehealth visit*.tw	182
13.	1 OR 2 OR 3 OR 4 OR 5 OR 6 OR 7 OR 8 OR 9 OR 10 OR 11 OR 12	9011
Health care contact:
14.	exp Remote consultation/	5159
15.	(e-consult$ or eConsult$ or e-doctor$ or eDoctor$ or e-clinic$ or eClinic$ or e-Therap$ or eTherap$ or e-appointment).tw	1156
16.	(virtual adj2 (appointment$ or communicat$ or consult$ or visit$ or clinic$)).tw	1366
17.	(electronic consult$ or econsult$ or e-consult$).tw	459
18.	WebGP.tw	1
19.	(non-face-to-face or face-to-face).tw	31158
20.	remote adj (health care OR healthcare).tw	243
21.	Telemedicine/ or Telerehabilitation/	27480
22.	(telemedicine OR telehealth OR telehealthcare OR telerehabilitation OR telecare).tw	18487
23.	office visits/	7100
24.	(visit$ OR office).tw	301855
25.	exp appointments and schedules/	9237
26.	(appointment$ OR patient schedule).tw	25612
27.	*"Referral and Consultation"/	26841
28.	(consultation$ OR counsel$).tw	192426
29.	exp practice patterns, physicians/	62286
30.	(clinical OR physicians) adj (practice pattern$).tw	452
31.	exp physician patient relations/	73694
32.	((physician OR doctor) adj (patient relation$)).tw	6109
33.	exp Primary Health Care/	166414
34.	(primary adj (health care OR healthcare OR care)).tw	124186
35.	exp General Practitioners/ OR exp Physicians, Family/	24761
36.	(general practitioner* OR family physician*).tw	65859
37.	exp Family Practice/ OR General Practice/	75653
38.	(general practice OR family practice).tw	43296
39.	14 OR 15 OR 16 OR 17 OR 18 OR 19 OR 20 OR 21 OR 22 OR 23 OR 24 OR 25 OR 26 OR 27 OR 28 OR 29 OR 30 OR 31 OR 32 OR 33 OR 34 OR 35 OR 36 OR 37 OR 38	955101
Study types:
40.	((clinical and trial) or random*).ti,ab	1337662
41.	exp clinical trial/ or exp random allocation/ or exp therapeutic uses/	5979431
42.	control*.ti,ab	4011979
43.	40 OR 41 OR 42	9321535
Combined sets:
44.	13 OR 39	5579
45.	44 AND 43	1452
Limits:
46.	limit 44 to (clinical study or clinical trial, all or clinical trial)	543
47.	45 OR 46	1454
48.	limit 47 to yr="2010 -Current"	1094
Final		1094

Cochrane Library via Wiley March 25 2021

Video visits – Controlled studies

The search result, usually found at the end of the documentation, forms the list of abstracts au = Author; MeSH = Term from the Medline controlled vocabulary, including terms found below this term in the MeSH hierarchy; this term only = Does not include terms found below this term in the MeSH hierarchy; :ti = Title; :ab = Abstract; :kw = Keyword; * = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase; CDSR = Cochrane Database of Systematic Review; CENTRAL = Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, “trials“; CRM = Method Studies; DARE = Database Abstracts of Reviews of Effects, “other reviews”; EED = Economic Evaluations; HTA = Health Technology Assessments
	Search terms	Items found
Video platform:
1.	MeSH descriptor: [Videoconferencing] explode all trees	212
2.	(skype or facetime):ti,ab,kw	235
3.	(videolink OR “interactive video” OR videoconferenc OR videovisit*):ti,ab,kw	1,109
4.	((video OR virtual) NEXT/3 (visit* OR conferenc* OR appointment* OR meeting* OR link OR consult* OR communicat* OR teleconsult* OR teleconferenc* OR telehealth)):ti,ab,kw	941
5.	(real time NEXT/2 (video OR telemedicine OR encounter)):ti,ab,kw
6.	(video-to-home):ti,ab,kw	5
7.	7(alternative* NEXT/3 (face-to-face)):ti,ab,kw	68
8.	(telehealth visit*):ti,ab,kw	356
9.	#1 OR #2 OR #3 OR #4 OR #5 OR #6 OR #7 OR #8	2,361
Health care contact:
10.	MeSH descriptor: [Office Visits] explode all trees	462
11.	(visit* OR office):ti,ab,kw	88,581
12.	MeSH descriptor: [Appointments and Schedules] explode all trees	1,068
13.	(appointment* OR patient schedule):ti,ab,kw	19,280
14.	MeSH descriptor: [Referral and Consultation] explode all trees	2,329
15.	(consultation* OR (consultation* AND referral*)):ti,ab,kw	12,841
16.	MeSH descriptor: [Practice Patterns, Physicians'] explode all trees	1,242
17.	(clinical practice pattern* OR physicians practice pattern*):ti,ab,kw	3,649
18.	MeSH descriptor: [Physician-Patient Relations] explode all trees	1,403
19.	(physician patient relation* OR doctor patient relation*):ti,ab,kw	6,605
20.	MeSH descriptor: [Telemedicine] explode all trees	2,708
21.	(telemedicine or e-health or ehealth or m-health or mhealth OR telehealth* or “tele health*” OR telecare OR “tele care”):ti,ab,kw	7,054
22.	((mobile or electronic or digital or virtual*) NEXT (health or healthcare)):ti,ab,kw	3,459
23.	(e-consult* or eConsult* or e-doctor* or eDoctor* or e-clinic* or eClinic*):ti,ab,kw	268
24.	(virtual NEXT (appointment* or communicat* or consult*)):ti,ab,kw	33
25.	(((remote or tele) and consult) or teleconsult*):ti,ab,kw	3,301
26.	2MeSH descriptor: [Primary Health Care] explode all trees	7,429
27.	((primary NEXT (health care OR healthcare OR care))):ti,ab,kw	21,469
28.	MeSH descriptor: [General Practitioners] explode all trees	280
29.	MeSH descriptor: [Physicians, Family] explode all trees	455
30.	(general practitioner* OR family physician*):ti,ab,kw	11,458
31.	MeSH descriptor: [Family Practice] explode all trees	1,971
32.	MeSH descriptor: [General Practice] explode all trees	2,453
33.	(general practice OR family practice):ti,ab,kw	18,521
34.	#10 OR #11 OR #12 OR #13 OR #14 OR #15 OR #16 OR #17 OR #18 OR #19 OR #20 OR #21 OR #22 OR #23 OR #24 OR #25 OR #26 OR #27 OR #28 OR #29 OR #30 OR #31 OR #32 OR #33	156,770
Study types:
35.	MeSH descriptor: [Clinical Trial] explode all trees	141
36.	MeSH descriptor: [Random Allocation] explode all trees	20,618
37.	MeSH descriptor: [Therapeutic Uses] explode all trees	170,299
38.	((randomized OR randomised) AND controlled AND trial):ti,ab,kw	584,835
39.	(control*):ti,ab,kw	1,013,518
40.	#35 OR #36 OR #37 OR #38 OR #39	1,088,143
Combined sets:
41.	#9 AND #34	1532
42.	#41 AND #40	1,207
Limits:
43.	with Publication Year from 2010 to 2021, in Trials	1,080
Final		1,080

Embase via embase.com March 25 2021

Video visits – Controlled studies

/de = Term from the EMTREE controlled vocabulary; /exp = Includes terms found below this term in the EMTREE hierarchy; /mj = Major Topic; :ab = Abstract; :au = Author; :ti = Article Title; :ti,ab = Title or abstract; * = Truncation; ’ ’ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase
	Search terms	Items found
Video platform:
1.	‘Videoconferencing’/exp	5,053
2.	(skype or facetime):ti,ab,kw	949
3.	videolink:ti,ab,kw	21
4.	‘interactive video*’:ti,ab,kw	909
5.	videoconferenc*:ti,ab,kw	3,423
6.	videovisit*:ti,ab,kw	4
7.	((video OR virtual) NEXT/2 (visit* OR conferenc* OR appointment* OR meeting* OR link OR consult* OR communicat* OR teleconsult* OR teleconferenc* OR telehealth)):ti,ab,kw	4,905
8.	(real time NEXT/2 (video OR telemedicine OR encounter)):ti,ab,kw	1,012
9.	video-to-home:ti,ab,kw	13
10.	(alternative* NEXT/3 (face-to-face)):ti,ab,kw	276
11.	‘telehealth visit*’:ti,ab,kw	296
12.	1 OR 2 OR 3 OR 4 OR 5 OR 6 OR 7 OR 8 OR 9 OR 10 OR 11	12,253
Health care contact:
13.	telemedicine/exp	47,075
14.	(‘telemedicine’ or ‘tele medicine’ OR ‘telehealth’ OR ‘telehealthcare’ OR ‘telerehabilitation’ OR ‘telecare’ OR ‘telediagnosis’):ti,ab,kw	28,538
15.	(‘e-health’ OR ‘ehealth’ OR ‘m-health’ OR ‘mhealth’):ti,ab,kw	14,169
16.	consultation/exp	126,830
17.	(‘e-consult’ OR ‘eConsult’ OR ‘e-doctor’ OR ‘eDoctor’ OR ‘e-clinic’ OR ‘eClinic’ OR ‘e-Therap’ OR ‘eTherap’ OR ‘e-appointment*’):ti,ab,kw	3,123
18.	(‘appointment’ OR ‘patient schedule’ OR ‘consult’ OR ‘counsel’ OR ‘referral’):ti,ab,kw	587,601
19.	(‘visit*’ OR ‘office’):ti,ab,kw	475,010
20.	((‘clinical’ OR ‘physician’) NEXT/1 ‘practice pattern*’):ti,ab,kw	1,299
21.	((‘physician’ OR ‘doctor’) NEXT/1 ‘patient relation*’):ti,ab,kw	9,794
22.	‘health care’/de OR ‘rural health care’/exp OR ‘medical care’/exp	1,238,962
23.	‘health care delivery’/de OR aftercare/exp OR ‘ambulatory care’/exp OR ‘community care’/exp OR ‘long term care’/exp OR ‘primary health care’/exp	2,356,589
24.	(‘primary’ NEXT/1 (‘health care’ OR ‘healthcare’ OR ‘care’)):ti,ab,kw	194,296
25.	((‘mobile’ OR ‘electronic’ OR ‘digital’ OR ‘virtualized’ OR ‘remote’) NEXT/1 (‘health’ OR ‘healthcare’)):ti,ab,kw	38,782
26.	(‘virtual’ NEXT/2 (‘appointment’ OR ‘communicat’ OR ‘consult’ or ‘care’ OR ‘contact’ OR ‘clinic*’)):ti,ab,kw	2,084
27.	(((remote OR tele) NEXT/2 consult) OR teleconsult*):ti,ab,kw	5,625
28.	‘WebGP’:ti,ab,kw	1
29.	(‘non-face-to-face’ OR ‘face-to-face’):ti,ab,kw	41,054
30.	‘general practitioner’/exp	103,435
31.	(general practitioner* OR family physician*):ti,ab,kw	63,207
32.	General Practice/exp	61,691
33.	((general OR family) adj2 practice):ti,ab,kw	86,083
34.	13 OR 14 OR 15 OR 16 OR 17 OR 18 OR 19 OR 20 OR 21 OR 22 OR 23 OR 24 OR 25 OR 26 OR 27 OR 28 OR 29 OR 30 OR 31 OR 32 OR 33	4,150,206
Study types:
35.	clinical:ti,ab AND trial:ti,ab OR random*:ti,ab	1,860,313
36.	(clinical AND 'trial'/exp OR 'randomization'/exp OR controlled) AND 'study'/exp OR 'therapy'/exp	9,242,594
37.	control*:ti,ab	5,274,801
38.	35 OR 36 OR 37	13,440,637
Combined sets:
39.	12 AND 34	8,821
40.	38 AND 39	4,754
41.	40 AND ('conference abstract'/it OR 'editorial'/it OR 'erratum'/it OR 'note'/it)	1,762
42.	40 NOT 41	2,992
Limits:
43.	42 AND (2010:py OR 2011:py OR 2012:py OR 2013:py OR 2014:py OR 2015:py OR 2016:py OR 2017:py OR 2018:py OR 2019:py OR 2020:py OR 2021:py)	2,292
Final		2,292

Scopus via scopus.com March 26 2021

Video visits – Systematic Reviews

TITLE-ABS-KEY = Title or abstract or keywords; ALL = All fields; W/n = "Within". The terms in the search must be within a specified number of terms (n) in any order.; * = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase
	Search terms	Items found
Video platform:
1.	TITLE-ABS-KEY(“real time telemedicine”)	72
2.	TITLE-ABS-KEY(skype or facetime)	2,281
3.	TITLE-ABS-KEY(videolink OR “interactive video” OR videoconferenc OR videovisit* OR “video-to-home”)	12,419
4.	TITLE-ABS-KEY((video OR virtual) W/2 (visit* OR conferenc* OR appointment* OR meeting* OR link OR consult* OR communicat* OR teleconsult* OR teleconferenc* OR telehealth))	26,625
5.	TITLE-ABS-KEY(“real time” W/2 (video OR telemedicine OR encounter))	12,558
6.	TITLE-ABS-KEY(alternative* W/3 (“face-to-face”))	465
7.	TITLE-ABS-KEY(“telehealth visit*”)	163
8.	#1 OR #2 OR #3 OR #4 OR #5 OR #6 OR #7	49,480
Health care contact:
9.	( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( remote PRE/2 consultation ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( e-consult* OR econsult$ OR e-doctor* OR edoctor* OR e-clinic* OR eclinic* OR "electronic consult" OR e-appointment ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( virtual W/2 ( appointment OR communicat* OR consult* OR visit* OR clinic* ) ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( webgp ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( non-face-to-face OR face-to-face ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( ( remote OR tele OR virtual* ) PRE/2 ( "health care" OR healthcare ) ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( telemedicine OR telehealth OR telehealthcare OR telerehabilitation OR telecare ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( visit* OR office ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( "appointments and schedules" OR "Referral and Consultation" ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( appointment* OR "patient schedule" ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( consultation* OR counsel* ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( "practice patterns, physicians" ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( ( clinical OR physicians ) PRE/1 ( "practice pattern*" ) ) ) OR ( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( primary PRE/1 ( "health care" OR healthcare OR care ) ) )	1,516,178
Study types:
10.	( TITLE-ABS-KEY ( control* )	14,893,798
Combined sets:
11.	#1 AND #9	13,153
12.	#11 AND #10	3,053
Limits:
13.	#12 AND ( LIMIT-TO ( PUBYEAR , 2021 ) OR LIMIT-TO ( PUBYEAR , 2020 ) OR LIMIT-TO ( PUBYEAR , 2019 ) OR LIMIT-TO ( PUBYEAR , 2018 ) OR LIMIT-TO ( PUBYEAR , 2017 ) OR LIMIT-TO ( PUBYEAR , 2016 ) OR LIMIT-TO ( PUBYEAR , 2015 ) OR LIMIT-TO ( PUBYEAR , 2014 ) OR LIMIT-TO ( PUBYEAR , 2013 ) OR LIMIT-TO ( PUBYEAR , 2012 ) OR LIMIT-TO ( PUBYEAR , 2011 ) OR LIMIT-TO ( PUBYEAR , 2010 ) )	2,214
14.	#13 AND ( EXCLUDE ( DOCTYPE , "le" ) OR EXCLUDE ( DOCTYPE , "no" ) OR EXCLUDE ( DOCTYPE , "ed" ) OR EXCLUDE ( DOCTYPE , "ch" ) OR EXCLUDE ( DOCTYPE , "bk" ) OR EXCLUDE ( DOCTYPE , "er" ) )	2,086
Final		2,086

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160. Hazenberg C, Aan de Stegge WB, Van Baal SG, Moll FL, Bus SA. Telehealth and telemedicine applications for the diabetic foot: A systematic review. Diabetes Metab Res Rev. 2020;36(3):e3247. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1002/dmrr.3247.
161. Jess M, Timm H, Dieperink KB. Video consultations in palliative care: A systematic integrative review. Palliat Med. 2019;33(8):942-58. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/0269216319854938.
162. Newbould L, Mountain G, Hawley MS, Ariss S. Videoconferencing for Health Care Provision for Older Adults in Care Homes: A Review of the Research Evidence. Int J Telemed Appl. 2017;2017:5785613. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1155/2017/5785613.
163. O'Cathail M, Ananth S, an M, Diver C, Patel P, Christian J. The use of patient-facing teleconsultations in the national health service: Scoping review. JMIR Med Inform. 2020;8(3). Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/15380.
164. Orlando JF, Beard M, Kumar S. Systematic review of patient and caregivers’ satisfaction with telehealth videoconferencing as a mode of service delivery in managing patients’ health. PLoS One. 2019;14(8). Available from: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0221848.
165. Petersen W, Karpinski K, Backhaus L, Bierke S, Haner M. A systematic review about telemedicine in orthopedics. Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 2021. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00402-021-03788-1.
166. Rees CS, Maclaine E. A Systematic Review of Videoconference-Delivered Psychological Treatment for Anxiety Disorders. Aust Psychol. 2015;50(4):259-64. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/ap.12122.
167. Shukla H, Nair SR, Thakker D. Role of telerehabilitation in patients following total knee arthroplasty: Evidence from a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. J Telemed Telecare. 2017;23(2):339-46. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1357633X16628996.
168. Speyer R, Denman D, Wilkes-Gillan S, Chen YW, Bogaardt H, Kim JH, et al. Effects of telehealth by allied health professionals and nurses in rural and remote areas: A systematic review and meta-analysis. J Rehabil Med. 2018;50(3):225-35. Available from: https://doi.org/10.2340/16501977-2297.
169. Sutherland AE, Stickland J, Wee B. Can video consultations replace face-to-face interviews? Palliative medicine and the Covid-19 pandemic: rapid review. BMJ Support Palliat Care. 2020;10(3):271-5. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjspcare-2020-002326.
170. Tran V, Lam MK, Amon KL, Brunner M, Hines M, Penman M, et al. Interdisciplinary eHealth for the care of people living with traumatic brain injury: A systematic review. Brain Inj. 2017;31(13-14):1701-10. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/02699052.2017.1387932.
171. Verhoeven F, van Gemert-Pijnen L, Dijkstra K, Nijland N, Seydel E, Steehouder M. The contribution of teleconsultation and videoconferencing to diabetes care: a systematic literature review. J Med Internet Res. 2007;9(5):e37. Available from: https://doi.org/10.2196/jmir.9.5.e37.
172. Wagg AJ, Callanan MM, Hassett A. The use of computer mediated communication in providing patient support: A review of the research literature. Int J Nurs Stud. 2018;82:68-78. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2018.03.010.
173. Walumbe J, Belton J, Denneny D. Pain management programmes via video conferencing: a rapid review. Scand J Pain. 2021;21(1):32-40. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1515/sjpain-2020-0112.
Wong B, Ward D, Gemmell K, Bright R, Blackman R, Sole G, et al. How is telehealth being utilized in the context of rehabilitation for lower limb musculoskeletal disorders: a scoping review. Phys Ther Rev. 2020;25(5):350-60. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1080/10833196.2020.1832712.

Bilaga 1 Flödesschema för systematiska översikter

Flödesschema för systematiska översikter. Från start granskades 1352 abstrakt från databassökning och referenssökning. Man fann 25 systematiska översikter med hög risk för bias

Bilaga 2 Systematiska översikter exkluderade på grund av bristande relevans, samt lista över systematiska översikter med hög risk för bias

Systematiska översikter exkluderade på grund av bristande relevans

Författare. Titel (År) Referens	Exklusionsorsak
Ajibade et al. Telemedicine in cardiovascular surgery during COVID-19 pandemic: A systematic review and our experience. (2020) [92]	Inte systematisk översikt
Allida et al mHealth education interventions in heart failure. (2020) [93]	Saknar videomöte
Ames et al. Clients’ perceptions and experiences of targeted digital communication accessible via mobile devices for reproductive, maternal, newborn, child, and adolescent health: a qualitative evidence synthesis. (2019) [94]	Saknar videomöte
Armfield et al. The clinical use of Skype-For which patients, with which problems and in which settings? A snapshot review of the literature. (2015) [95]	Specialistvård
Armoiry et al. Digital Clinical Communication for Families and Caregivers of Children or Young People With Short- or Long-Term Conditions: Rapid Review. (2018) [96]	Ingen särredovisning av videomöten
Asiri et al. Practice and Education: A Systematic Literature Review. (2016) [97]	Ingen sammanställning av data
Bashi et al. Remote Monitoring of Patients With Heart Failure: An Overview of Systematic Reviews. (2017) [98]	Inga utfall
Batsis et al. Effectiveness of Ambulatory Telemedicine Care in Older Adults: A Systematic Review. (2019) [91]	Inte primärvård
Blackburn et al. A systematic review of digital interactive television systems and their applications in the health and social care fields. (2011) [99]	Inga utfall
Burnham et al. Telemedicine infectious diseases consultations and clinical outcomes: A systematic review. (2019) [100]	Ingen särredovisning av videomöten
Chandak et al. Self-management of hypertension using technology enabled interventions in primary care settings. (2015) [101]	Ingen särredovisning av videomöten
Chen et al. Telemedicine in Chronic Wound Management: Systematic Review And Meta-Analysis. (2020) [102]	Ingen särredovisning av videomöten
Cox et al. Telerehabilitation for Chronic Respiratory Disease: A Cochrane Systematic Review. (2020) [103]	Ingen särredovisning av videomöten
De Groot et al. Efficacy of telemedicine on glycaemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes: A meta-analysis. (2021) [104]	Större intervention
De Guzman et al. A systematic review of pediatric telediabetes service models. (2020) [105]	Specialistvård
Dorstyn et al. A systematic review of telecounselling and its effectiveness in managing depression amongst minority ethnic communities. (2013) [106]	Fel population
Downes et al. Telephone consultations for general practice: A systematic review. (2017) [107]	Saknar videomöte
Eberle et al. Effect of telemetric interventions on glycated hemoglobin A1c and management of type 2 diabetes mellitus: Systematic meta-review (2021) [108]	Större intervention
Eberle et al. Clinical Improvements by Telemedicine Interventions Managing Type 1 and Type 2 Diabetes: Systematic Meta-review. (2021) [109]	Inte videomöte
Ekeland Granstrom et al. Clinical Videoconferencing as eHealth: A Critical-Realist Review and Qualitative Meta-Synthesis. (2018) [110]	Inga utfall
Flodgren et al. Interactive telemedicine: effects on professional practice and health care outcomes. (2015) [111]	Saknar videomöte
Garcia-Lizana et al. Telemedicine for Depression: A Systematic Review (2009) [112]	Ingen särredovisning av videomöten
Harerimana et al. The use of technology for mental healthcare delivery among older adults with depressive symptoms: A systematic literature review. (2019) [113]	Ingen särredovisning av videomöten
Harrison et al. Patients' perceptions of joint teleconsultations: a qualitative evaluation. (2006) [114]	Inte systematisk översikt
Hersh et al. Diagnosis, access and outcomes: Update of a systematic review of telemedicine services. (2006) [115]	Ej relevant intervention pga teknisk utveckling
Jalil et al. A Meta-Synthesis of Behavioral Outcomes from Telemedicine Clinical Trials for Type 2 Diabetes and the Clinical User-Experience Evaluation (CUE). (2015) [116]	Ingen särredovisning av videomöten
James et al. Spread, Scale-up, and Sustainability of Video Consulting in Health Care: Systematic Review and Synthesis Guided by the NASSS Framework. (2021) [117]	Inga utfall
Jhaveri et al. Telestroke, tele-oncology and teledialysis: a systematic review to analyse the outcomes of active therapies delivered with telemedicine support. (2015) [118]	Specialistvård
Kampmeijer et al. The use of e-health and m-health tools in health promotion and primary prevention among older adults: a systematic literature review. (2016) [119]	Ospecifik prevention
Kitsiou et al. Effects of home telemonitoring interventions on patients with chronic heart failure: an overview of systematic reviews. (2015) [120]	Saknar videomöte
Kloek et al. Blended Interventions to Change Behavior in Patients With Chronic Somatic Disorders: Systematic Review. (2017) [121]	Större intervention
Kruse et al. Utilization Barriers and Medical Outcomes Commensurate With the Use of Telehealth Among Older Adults: Systematic Review. (2020) [122]	Ingen särredovisning av videomöte
Liu et al. Inclusion of telemedicine in behavioral health quality measures. (2020) [123]	Inga relevanta utfall
Mair et al. Systematic review of studies of patient satisfaction with telemedicine. (2000) [124]	Ingen särredovisning av videomöte
Maisto et al. Digital interventions for psychological comorbidities in chronic diseases—a systematic review. (2021) [125[125]	Behandlingsintervention
Marcolino et al. Telemedicine application in the care of diabetes patients: Systematic review and meta-analysis. (2015) [126]	Ingen särredovisning av videomöte
McLean et al. Telehealthcare for asthma. (2010) [127]	Ingen särredovisning av videomöte
McLean et al. Telehealthcare for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. (2011) [128]	Ingen särredovisning av videomöte
Mold et al. Electronic Consultation in Primary Care Between Providers and Patients: Systematic Review. (2019) [129]	Ingen särredovisning av videomöte
Neubeck et al. Telehealth interventions for the secondary prevention of coronary heart disease: A systematic review. (2009) [130]	Inte videomöte
Nordheim et al. Effect of telemedicine follow-up care of leg and foot ulcers: a systematic review (2014) [131]	Inkluderar endast en primärstudie vilken är från 2004
Rasekaba et al. Telemedicine interventions for gestational diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis. (2015) [132]	Inte primärvård
Rubin et al. Systematic review of telestroke for post-stroke care and rehabilitation. (2013) [133]	Inga relevanta utfall
Samarri et al. Continuation of telemedicine in otolaryngology post-COVID-19: Applications by subspecialty (2021) [134]	Inte systematisk översikt
Shah et al. Telemedicine in Pediatrics: Systematic Review of Randomized Controlled Trials. (2021) [135]	Ingen särredovisning av videomöte
Shek et al. Technology-based interventions for mental health support after stroke: A systematic review of their acceptability and feasibility. (2019) [136]	Behandlingsintervention
Singh et al. A Review of Telemedicine Applications in Otorhinolaryngology: Considerations During the Coronavirus Disease of 2019 Pandemic. (2021) [137]	Inga relevanta utfall
Steel et al. Therapeutic videoconferencing interventions for the treatment of long-term conditions. (2011) [138]	Behandlingsintervention
Stevenson et al. eHealth interventions for people with chronic kidney disease. (2019) [139]	Ingen särredovisning av videomöte
Taub et al. Patient safety systems in the primary health care of diabetes-a story of missed opportunities? (2010) [140]	Inte videomöte
Thiyagarajan et al. Exploring patients' and clinicians' experiences of video consultations in primary care: A systematic scoping review. (2020) [141]	Fel publikationstyp, explorative kartläggning
Van Den Berg et al. Telemedicine and telecare for older patients - A systematic review. (2012) [142]	Inte videomöte inte primärvård?
Verhoeven et al. Asynchronous and synchronous teleconsultation for diabetes care: a systematic literature review. (2010) [143]	Ingen särredovisning av videomöte
Williams et al. Limitations of patient satisfaction studies in telehealthcare: a systematic review of the literature. (2001) [144]	Inga relevanta utfall
Yang et al. Intervention and Evaluation of Mobile Health Technologies in Management of Patients Undergoing Chronic Dialysis: Scoping Review. (2020) [145]	Behandlingsintervention
Zhai et al. Clinical- and Cost-effectiveness of Telemedicine in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis (2014) [146]	Ingen särredovisning av videomöte
Zhou et al. Reaching People With Disabilities in Underserved Areas Through Digital Interventions: Systematic Review. (2019) [147]	Inga relevanta utfall
Zhu et al Tele-Health Intervention for Carers of Dementia Patients—A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials. (2021) [148]	Ingen särredovisning av videomöte
Zonneveld et al. The use of information and communication technology in healthcare to improve participation in everyday life: a scoping review. (2020) [149]	Ingen särredovisning av videomöte

Systematiska översikter med hög risk för bias

Författare. Titel (År) Referens	Orsak till bias
Barth et al. Diagnosis of cognitive decline and dementia in rural areas - A scoping review. (2018) [150]	Hög risk för bias. Brister i sökstrategin. Relevansgranskningen är inte dubbel i första steget.
Batastini et al. Are videoconference mental and behavioral health services just as good as in-person? A meta-analysis of a fast-growing practice. (2021) [151]	Hög risk för bias. Ingen redovisad sökstrategi.
Berryhill et al. Videoconferencing Psychotherapy and depression: A Systematic Review. (2019) [152]	Hög risk för bias. Brister i sökstrategin. Saknar information om hur relevansgranskningen är utförd.
Berryhill et al. Videoconferencing psychological therapy and anxiety: a systematic review. (2019) [153]	Hög risk för bias. Saknar information om hur relevansgranskningen är utförd.
Binng et al. Distance Assessment for Detecting Cognitive Impairment in Older Adults: A Systematic Review of Psychometric Evidence. (2020) [154]	Hög risk för bias. Brister i sökstrategin.
Boydell et al. Using technology to deliver mental health services to children and youth: A scoping review. (2014) [155]	Hög risk för bias. Brister i sökstrategin.
Christensen et al. Patients' and providers' experiences with video consultations used in the treatment of older patients with unipolar depression: A systematic review. (2020) [156]	Hög risk för bias. Brister i redovisningen av risk för bias-granskningen.
Chuchu et al. Teledermatology for diagnosing skin cancer in adults. (2018) [157]	Hög risk för bias. Brister i sökstrategin. Relevansgranskningen är inte dubbel.
Edirippulige et al. A systematic review of telemedicine services for residents in long term care facilities. (2013) [158]	Hög risk för bias. Har inte tagit hänsyn till risk för bias vid sammanvägningen av resultat.
Hailey et al. The effectiveness of telemental health applications: A review. (2008) [159]	Hög risk för bias. Brister i sökstrategin.
Hazenberg et al. Telehealth and telemedicine applications for the diabetic foot: A systematic review. (2020) [160]	Hög risk för bias. Brister i sökstrategin – har endast gjort litteratursökning i en databas.
Jess et al. Video consultations in palliative care: A systematic integrative review. (2019) [161]	Hög risk för bias. Brister i sökstrategin. Relevansgranskningen är inte dubbel.
Newbould et al. Videoconferencing for Health Care Provision for Older Adults in Care Homes: A Review of the Research Evidence. (2017) [162]	Hög risk för bias. Brister i sökstrategin. Relevansgranskningen är inte dubbel.
O'Cathail et al. The use of patient-facing teleconsultations in the national health service: Scoping review. (2020) [163]	Hög risk för bias. Brister i sökstrategin.
Orlando et al. Systematic review of patient and caregivers’ satisfaction with telehealth videoconferencing as a mode of service delivery in managing patients’ health. (2019) [164]	Hög risk för bias. Brister i sökstrategin.
Petersen et al. A systematic review about telemedicine in orthopedics. (2021) [165]	Hög risk för bias. Brister i sökstrategin.
Rees et al. Videoconference-Delivered Psychological Treatment for Anxiety Disorders. (2015) [166]	Hög risk för bias. Brister i sökstrategin. Oklart ifall relevansgranskningen är dubbel.
Shukla et al. Role of telerehabilitation in patients following total knee arthroplasty: Evidence from a systematic literature review and meta-analysis. (2016) [167]	Hög risk för bias. Brister i sökstrategin.
Speyer et al. Effects of telehealth by allied health professionals and nurses in rural and remote areas: A systematic review and meta-Analysis. (2018) [168]	Hög risk för bias. Brister i redovisningen av ingående studier.
Sutherland et al. Can video consultations replace face-to-face interviews? Palliative medicine and the Covid-19 pandemic: rapid review. (2020) [169]	Hög risk för bias. Brister i sökstrategin.
Tran et al. Interdisciplinary eHealth for the care of people living with traumatic brain injury: A systematic review. (2017) [170]	Hög risk för bias. Relevansgranskningen är inte utförd av två granskare.
Verhoeven et al. The contribution of teleconsultation and videoconferencing to diabetes care: A systematic literature review. (2007) [171]	Hög risk för bias. Brister i sökstrategin.
Wagg et al. The use of computer mediated communication in providing patient support: A review of the research literature. (2018) [172]	Hög risk för bias. Brister i sökstrategin.
Walumbe et al. Pain management programmes via video conferencing: A rapid review. (2021) [173]	Hög risk för bias. Brister i sökstrategin. Bedömning av risk för bias saknas.
Wong et al. How is telehealth being utilized in the context of rehabilitation for lower limb musculoskeletal disorders: a scoping review. (2020) [174]	Hög risk för bias. Sökstrategin går inte att hitta. Bedömning av risk för bias saknas.

Bilaga 3 Identifierade primärstudier

SBU:s upplysningstjänst identifierade 87 kontrollerade primärstudier [31–117]. För dessa har inte risken för bias bedömts och av det skälet finns inte resultat eller slutsatser beskrivna.

Population	Referenser
Astma	[19, 80]
Diabetes	[3, 7, 27, 30, 31, 34, 43, 68, 73, 82]
Fysioterapi	[70, 75]
Hjärt-kärlsjukdom (t.ex. stroke, hypertoni, rehabilitering)	[13, 14, 22, 23, 38, 49, 50, 63, 72, 87, 88]
Hudsjukdom, sårvård	[28, 29, 51, 84, 85]
Infektion (t.ex. övre luftvägsinfektioner, urinvägsinfektioner, Covid-19)	[24, 46, 47, 53, 64, 67]
Muskel- och skelettsjukdomar (t.ex. reumatism, rehabilitering, ortopedi)	[10, 25, 26, 54, 65, 78, 79]
Neurologi (t.ex. Parkinsons, Intellektuell funktionsnedsättning)	[5, 69, 71, 76, 77]
Njursjukdom	[66]
Palliativ vård	[44]
Psykologi	[9, 12, 15, 21, 35, 37, 55, 59, 83]
Smärta	[16, 36, 57, 58, 61]
Sömnapné	[40-42]
Urologi	[4]
Äldre (t.ex. demens, äldrevård)	[6, 8, 11, 17, 18, 32, 39, 48, 56, 81, 86, 89]
Övervikt/fetma	[20, 45]
Om videomöte/virtuellt möte	Referenser
Innehåll och kvalitet	[33]
Användbarhet, patientnöjdhet	[52, 60, 62, 74]

Bilaga 4 Översiktligt bedöma risken för snedvridning/systematiska fel för systematiska översikter

Bilaga 4 Översiktligt bedöma risken för snedvridning/systematiska fel för systematiska översikter (PDF)

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Referenser

Bilaga 1 Flödesschema för systematiska översikter

Bilaga 2 Systematiska översikter exkluderade på grund av bristande relevans, samt lista över systematiska översikter med hög risk för bias

Systematiska översikter exkluderade på grund av bristande relevans

Systematiska översikter med hög risk för bias

Bilaga 3 Identifierade primärstudier

Bilaga 4 Översiktligt bedöma risken för snedvridning/systematiska fel för systematiska översikter

Videomöte istället för fysiskt besök i primärvården

SBU:s upplysningstjänst

Sökord

Fråga till SBU:s upplysningstjänst

Sammanfattning SBU:s upplysningstjänst

Artikel från SBU:s tidning Vetenskap & Praxis

Videomöte jämfört med fysiskt besök inom primärvården