Adolescent Community Reinforcement Approach (A-CRA) för tvångsvårdade ungdomar
Fråga och sammanfattning
A-CRA är en manualbaserad samtalsmetod för ungdomar med drogbruk och deras familjer. Metoden används framför allt inom öppenvård, till exempel efter en avslutad placering, men har även utvecklats för att kunna användas inom slutenvård.
Fråga
Vilken sammanställd forskning och vetenskapliga studier finns om effekten av A-CRA för tvångsvårdade ungdomar?
Frågeställare: Statens institutionsstyrelse (SiS)
Sammanfattning
SBU:s upplysningstjänst har efter litteratursökning varken identifierat någon relevant systematisk översikt eller primärstudie som svarar på frågan.
Att underlag saknas ska inte tolkas som att insatsen saknar effekt, utan att forskning behövs för att förbättra kunskapsläget.
Bakgrund
Barn och ungdomar upp till 20 år som begått allvarliga brott eller som riskerar att skadas av eget missbruk, kriminalitet eller annat socialt nedbrytande beteende och där det bedömts att frivillig vård inte är tillräcklig, vårdas i enlighet med LVU1 eller LSU2 på särskilda ungdomshem i Statens institutionsstyrelses regi. År 2021 hade Statens institutionsstyrelse 21 särskilda ungdomshem, varav 6 institutioner för ungdomar som dömts till sluten ungdomsvård. Totalt 971 individer togs in för en eller flera perioder [1].
A-CRA (Adolescent Community Reinforcement Approach) är en manualbaserad intervention med strukturerade behandlingssamtal och har sin grund i KBT (kognitiv beteendeterapi). Interventionen riktar sig till ungdomar och unga vuxna (12–24 år) med skadligt bruk av alkohol eller narkotika, och är en vidareutveckling av interventionen CRA som riktar sig till vuxna.
Metoden ska vägleda till ett drogfritt liv genom att förstärka drogfria aktiviteter och en hälsosam livsstil, samt förbättra kommunikations- och problemlösningsförmåga och relationer till familjen och andra personer i personens sociala nätverk. Samtalen hålls enskilt med klienten, och om det är möjligt hålls även samtal enskilt med vårdnadshavare och med vårdnadshavare och ungdomen tillsammans [2].
1. Lag (1990:52) med särskilda bestämmelser om vård av unga.
2. Lag (1998:603) om verkställighet av sluten ungdomsvård.
Frågeställning och avgränsningar
Upplysningstjänsten har tillsammans med frågeställaren formulerat frågan enligt följande PICO3:
- Population: Ungdomar till och med 20 år i tvångsvård
- Intervention: Adolescent Community Reinforcement Approach (A-CRA)
- Control: Annan intervention eller ingen intervention
- Outcome: Skadligt substansbruk, psykisk ohälsa
Upplysningstjänsten har gjort sökningar (Bilaga 1) i databaserna MedLine, Scopus, PsycInfo, Criminal Justice Abstracts och SOCINDEX, samt i INAHTA4:s databas för HTA5-rapporter. Vi har även handsökt publikationer på webbsidor för regionala HTA-organisationer och myndigheter.
Upplysningstjänsten inkluderar artiklar publicerade i vetenskapliga tidskrifter samt systematiska översikter och rapporter från myndigheter och HTA-organisationer, som är publicerade på engelska eller ett av de skandinaviska språken.
3. PICO är en förkortning för patient/population/problem, intervention/index test, comparison/control (jämförelseintervention) och outcome (utfallsmått).
4. International Network of Agencies for Health Technology Assessment (INAHTA).
5. Utvärdeing av hälso- och sjukvårdens (och i SBU:s fall socialtjänstens) metoder (eng. Health Technology Assessment).
Resultat från sökningen
Upplysningstjänstens litteratursökning genererade totalt 1 823 artikelsammanfattningar (abstrakt) efter dubblettkontroll. Ett flödesschema för urvalsprocessen visas i Bilaga 2. Två utredare på SBU läste alla artikelsammanfattningar och bedömde att 31 översikter och 4 artiklar från primärstudier vara relevanta för frågan. Dessa artiklar lästes i fulltext av en utredare och de artiklar som inte var relevanta för frågan exkluderades. Exkluderade artiklar finns listade i Bilaga 3.
Upplysningstjänsten fann ingen systematisk översikt eller primärstudie som var relevant för denna fråga och därför redovisas inga resultat eller slutsatser i Upplysningstjänstens svar. De vanligaste exklusionsorsakerna var antingen att fel intervention undersökts eller att populationen inte inkluderade eller särredovisade tvångsvårdade ungdomar.
Att underlag saknas ska inte tolkas som att insatsen saknar effekt, utan att forskning om programmet saknas.
Lästips
En artikel som fångades i sökningen exkluderas på grund av att den inte undersökte effekten av A-CRA för ungdomar i tvångsvård, men kan ändå vara relevant för läsaren [3]. Studien hade utförts inom svensk tvångsvård för ungdomar, och rapporterade terapeuternas uppfattning och erfarenheter av A-CRA.
Vetenskapliga kunskapsluckor
Enligt SBU:s modell innebär en vetenskaplig kunskapslucka att det saknas evidens för vilken sammanvägd effekt en metod eller insats har, det vill säga kunskap från en systematisk översikt (Faktaruta 2).
SBU:s upplysningstjänst har efter litteratursökning varken identifierat någon systematisk översikt eller primärstudie som är relevant för frågan. För att besvara Upplysningstjänstens fråga behövs välgjorda primärstudier som sedan vägs samman i en systematisk översikt.
Projektgrupp
Detta svar är sammanställt av Emma Palmqvist Wojda (utredare), Idha Kurtsdotter (utredare), Sara Fundell (projektadministratör), Irene Edebert (produktsamordnare), Knut Sundell (intern sakkunnig) samt Pernilla Östlund (avdelningschef) vid SBU.
Referenser
- SiS årliga statistik. Solna: Statens institutionsstyrelse (SiS); 2022. [updated Jun 28 2016; accessed Nov 17 2022]. Available from: https://www.stat-inst.se/publikationer/sis-arliga-statistik/.
- Socialstyrelsen. A-CRA (Adolescent Community Reinforcement Approach). Stockholm: Socialstyrelsen; 2022. Metodguiden. [accessed Nov 17 2022]. Available from: https://www.socialstyrelsen.se/kunskapsstod-och-regler/omraden/evidensbaserad-praktik/metodguiden/a-cra-adolescent-community-reinforcement-approach/.
- Mälarstig I, Tyrberg MJ, Lundgren T, Alfonsson S. Experiences of conducting a substance use disorder treatment, A-CRA, in compulsory institutional care for youth – The challenge of promoting openness in a closed, temporary setting. Child Youth Serv Rev. 2023;148. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2023.106850.
Bilaga 1 Dokumentation av sökstrategier
Medline via OvidSP 10 Mar 2023
| / = Term from the MeSH controlled vocabulary; .sh = Term from the MeSH controlled vocabulary; exp = Term from MeSH including terms found below this term in the MeSH hierarchy; .ti,ab = Title or abstract; .tw = Title or abstract; .kf = Keywords; .kw = Keywords, exact; .bt = Book title. NLM Bookshelf.; .pt = Publication type; .ja = Journal abbreviation; .af = All fields; adjn = Adjacent. Proximity operator retrieving adjacent words, adj3 retrieves records with search terms within two terms from each other.; * or $ = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase | ||
| Search terms | Items found | |
| Intervention: | ||
| 1. | community reinforcement.ab,bt,kw,ti. | 221 |
| 2. | (adolescent* or youth or teen* or young adult* or juvenile).ab,bt,kf,ti. | 561 999 |
| 3. | 1 and 2 | 59 |
| Setting: | ||
| 2. | Custodial Care/ | 190 |
| 3. | Involuntary Treatment/ | 121 |
| 4. | Residential Treatment/ | 3 307 |
| 5. | Involuntary Commitment/ | 72 |
| 6. | Coercion/ | 5 021 |
| 7. | exp Correctional Facilities/ | 11 337 |
| 8. | (involuntary or non voluntary or detention or detain* or correctional or forensic or prison* or incarce* or custod* or coerc* or restraint or institutionali*).ab,kf,ti,bt. | 156 526 |
| 9. | ((forced or forcibl* or compulsory or mandatory or mandated or institution* or residential or locked) adj4 (care or treat* or setting* or hospitali* or psychiatr* or unit* or ward* or admission or admit* or commit*)).ab,kf,ti,bt. | 66 893 |
| 10. | or/4-9 | 253 126 |
| Study types: systematic reviews and meta-analysis | ||
| 11. | ((Systematic Review/ or Meta-Analysis/ or Cochrane Database Syst Rev.ja. or ((systematic adj4 review) or "meta analys*" or metaanalys*).ti,bt,ab.) not (editorial/ or letter/ or case reports/)) | |
| Combined sets: | ||
| 12. | 3 and 11 [Intervention (A-CRA) and Study type (Systematic review)] | 3 |
| 13. | 3 and 10 [Intervention (A-CRA) and Setting (Involuntary Residential Care)] | 3 |
| Final result | ||
| 12 OR 13 | 6 | |
Scopus via scopus.com 10 Mar 2023
| TITLE-ABS-KEY = Title, abstract or keywords (including indexed keywords and author keywords); ALL = All fields; W/n = Within. Proximity operator retrieving terms within n words from each other.; PRE/n = Precedes by. Proximity operator, the first term in the search must precede the second by n words.; LIMIT-TO (X) = Includes only results of specified type, e.g., publication type or time range.; DOCTYPE = Publication type; “re” = review; “le” = letter; “ed” = editorial; “ch” = book chapter; “cp” = conference proceedings; * = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase | ||
| Search terms | Items found | |
| Intervention: | ||
| 1. | TITLE-ABS-KEY ( "community reinforcement" AND ( adolescent* OR teen* OR youth OR juvenile OR "young adult" ) ) | 97 |
| Setting: | ||
| 2. | TITLE-ABS-KEY ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institution* OR residential OR locked ) W/3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR psychiatr* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* ) ) | 120 691 |
| 3. | TITLE-ABS-KEY ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain* OR correctional OR forensic* OR prison* OR incarce* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR restraint) | 544 277 |
| 4. | 2 OR 3 | 659 322 |
| Study types: systematic reviews and meta-analysis | ||
| 5. | TITLE-ABS-KEY ( ( systematic W/2 review ) OR "meta analy*" OR metaanaly* ) AND (EXCLUDE (DOCTYPE, “le”) OR EXCLUDE (DOCTYPE, “ed”) OR EXCLUDE (DOCTYPE, “ch”) OR EXCLUDE (DOCTYPE, “cp”)) | |
| Combined sets: | ||
| 6. | 1 AND 5 [Intervention(A-CRA) and Study type (Systematic review)] | 6 |
| 7. | 1 AND 4 [Intervention (A-CRA) and Setting (Involuntary Residential Care)] | 6 |
| Final result | ||
| 6 OR 7 | 10 | |
PSYCINFO via EBSCO 10 Mar 2023
| TI = Title; AB = Abstract; SU = Keyword, exact or part (including all other fields for indexed and author keywords); DE = Exact keyword; TX = All text; MR = Methodology; Nn = Near. Proximity operator retrieving terms within n words from each other.; * = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase | ||
| Search terms | Items found | |
| Intervention: | ||
| 1. | TI ( "community reinforcement" AND (adolescent* OR teen* OR youth OR "young adult*" OR juvenile") ) OR SU ( "community reinforcement" AND (adolescent* OR teen* OR youth OR "young adult*" OR juvenile") ) OR AB ( "community reinforcement" AND (adolescent* OR teen* OR youth OR "young adult*" OR juvenile") ) | 76 |
| Setting: | ||
| 2. | (DE "Involuntary Treatment") OR (DE "Residential Care Institutions") OR (DE "Correctional Institutions") | 16 127 |
| 3. | TI ( ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institution* OR residential OR locked ) N3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* OR psychiatr* ) ) ) OR SU ( ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institution* OR residential OR locked ) N3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* OR psychiatr* ) ) ) OR AB ( ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institution* OR residential OR locked ) N3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* OR psychiatr* ) ) ) OR TI ( ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain* OR correctional OR forensic* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR prison* OR incarc* OR restrain* ) ) OR SU ( ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain* OR correctional OR forensic* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR prison* OR incarc* OR restrain*) ) OR AB ( ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain* OR correctional OR forensic* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR prison* OR incarc* OR restrain*)) | 166 260 |
| 4. | 2 OR 3 | 166 813 |
| Study types: systematic reviews and meta-analysis | ||
| 5. | TI((systematic n3 review) OR "meta analys*" OR metaanalys*) OR AB((systematic n3 review) OR "meta analys*" OR metaanalys*) OR SU((systematic n3 review) OR "meta analys*" OR metaanalys*) OR (MR "Systematic Review" OR MR "meta analysis") | |
| Combined sets: | ||
| 6. | 1 AND 5 [Intervention (A-CRA) and Study type (Systematic review)] | 4 |
| 7. | 1 AND 4 [Intervention (A-CRA) and Setting (Involuntary Residential Care)] | 7 |
| Final result | ||
| 6 OR 7 | 11 | |
SOCIndex via EBSCO 10 Mar 2023
| TI = Title; AB = Abstract; SU = Keyword, exact or part (including all other fields for indexed and author keywords); Nn = Near. Proximity operator retrieving terms within n words from each other.; * = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase | ||
| Search terms | Items found | |
| Intervention: | ||
| 1. | TI ( "community reinforcement" AND (adolescent* OR teen* OR youth OR "young adult*" OR juvenile") ) OR SU ( "community reinforcement" AND (adolescent* OR teen* OR youth OR "young adult*" OR juvenile") ) OR AB ( "community reinforcement" AND (adolescent* OR teen* OR youth OR "young adult*" OR juvenile") ) | 19 |
| Setting: | ||
| 2. | TI ( ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institution* OR residential OR locked ) N3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* OR psychiatr* ) ) ) OR SU ( ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institution* OR residential OR locked ) N3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* OR psychiatr* ) ) ) OR AB ( ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institution* OR residential OR locked ) N3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* OR psychiatr* ) ) ) OR TI ( ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain* OR correctional OR forensic* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR prison* OR incarc* OR restrain* ) ) OR SU ( ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain* OR correctional OR forensic* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR prison* OR incarc* OR restrain*) ) OR AB ( ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain* OR correctional OR forensic* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR prison* OR incarc* OR restrain*)) | 130 434 |
| Study types: systematic reviews and meta-analysis | ||
| 3. | TI((systematic N3 review) OR "meta analys*" OR metaanalys*) OR AB((systematic N3 review) OR "meta analys*" OR metaanalys*) OR SU((systematic N3 review) OR "meta analys*" OR metaanalys*) | |
| Combined sets: | ||
| 4. | 1 AND 3 [Intervention (A-CRA) and Study type (Systematic review)] | 0 |
| 5. | 1 AND 2 [Intervention (A-CRA) and Setting (Involuntary Residential Care)] | 2 |
| Final result | ||
| 4 OR 5 | 2 | |
Criminal Justice Abstracts via EBSCO 10 Mar 2023
| TI = Title; AB = Abstract; SU = Keyword, exact or part (including all other fields for indexed and author keywords); Nn = Near. Proximity operator retrieving terms within n words from each other.; * = Truncation; “ “ = Citation Marks; searches for an exact phrase | ||
| Search terms | Items found | |
| Intervention: | ||
| 1. | TI ( "community reinforcement" AND (adolescent* OR teen* OR youth OR "young adult*" OR juvenile") ) OR SU ( "community reinforcement" AND (adolescent* OR teen* OR youth OR "young adult*" OR juvenile") ) OR AB ( "community reinforcement" AND (adolescent* OR teen* OR youth OR "young adult*" OR juvenile") ) | 27 |
| Setting: | ||
| 2. | TI ( ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institution* OR residential OR locked ) N3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* OR psychiatr* ) ) ) OR SU ( ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institution* OR residential OR locked ) N3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* OR psychiatr* ) ) ) OR AB ( ( ( forced OR forcibl* OR compulsory OR mandatory OR mandated OR institution* OR residential OR locked ) N3 ( care OR treat* OR setting* OR hospitali* OR unit* OR ward* OR admission OR admit* OR commit* OR psychiatr* ) ) ) OR TI ( ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain* OR correctional OR forensic* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR prison* OR incarc* OR restrain* ) ) OR SU ( ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain* OR correctional OR forensic* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR prison* OR incarc* OR restrain*) ) OR AB ( ( involuntary OR "non voluntary" OR detention OR detain* OR correctional OR forensic* OR custod* OR coerc* OR institutionali* OR prison* OR incarc* OR restrain*)) | 99 000 |
| Study types: systematic reviews and meta-analysis | ||
| 3. | TI((systematic N3 review) OR "meta analys*" OR metaanalys*) OR AB((systematic N3 review) OR "meta analys*" OR metaanalys*) OR SU((systematic N3 review) OR "meta analys*" OR metaanalys*) | |
| Combined sets: | ||
| 4. | 1 AND 3 [Intervention (A-CRA) and Study type (Systematic review)] | 1 |
| 5. | 1 AND 2 [Intervention (A-CRA) and Setting (Involuntary Residential Care)] | 2 |
| Final result | ||
| 4 OR 5 | 3 | |
Bilaga 2 Flödesschema för urval av artiklar
Bilaga 3 Exkluderade artiklar
Artiklar som exkluderats efter fulltextläsning på grund av bristande relevans / Articles excluded after full text assessment of relevance
Sökning A / Search strategy A
| Excluded articles | Reason for exclusion |
| Systematic reviews | |
| James S, Alemi Q, Zepeda V. Effectiveness and implementation of evidence-based practices in residential care settings. Child Youth Serv Rev. 2013;35(4):642-56. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2013.01.007. | Relevant studies included but not reported separately (high risk of bias – insufficient reporting of search strategies and screening) |
| Welsh JW, Mataczynski MJ, Nguyen MD, McHugh RK. A Review of Behavioral Therapies in Adolescents with Opioid Use Disorder. Harv Rev Psychiatry. 2020;28(5):305-15. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1097/HRP.0000000000000272. | No separate reporting of relevant studies |
| Primary studies | |
| Godley MD, Godley SH, Dennis ML, Funk R, Passetti LL. Preliminary outcomes from the assertive continuing care experiment for adolescents discharged from residential treatment. J Subst Abuse Treat. 2002;23(1):21-32. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0740-5472(02)00230-1. | Wrong setting ACC |
| Godley MD, Godley SH, Dennis ML, Funk RR, Passetti LL. The effect of assertive continuing care on continuing care linkage, adherence and abstinence following residential treatment for adolescents with substance use disorders. Addiction. 2007;102(1):81-93. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2006.01648.x. | Wrong setting ACC |
| Godley MD, Passetti LL, Subramaniam GA, Funk RR, Smith JE, Meyers RJ. Adolescent Community Reinforcement Approach implementation and treatment outcomes for youth with opioid problem use. Drug Alcohol Depend. 2017;174:9-16. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.12.029. | Wrong setting |
| Mälarstig I, Tyrberg MJ, Lundgren T, Alfonsson S. Experiences of conducting a substance use disorder treatment, A-CRA, in compulsory institutional care for youth – The challenge of promoting openness in a closed, temporary setting. Child Youth Serv Rev. 2023;148. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2023.106850. | Inkluderad som Lästips Wrong focus |
Sökning B / Search strategy B
| Excluded articles | Reason for exclusion |
| Ahankari AS, Wray J, Jomeen J, Hayter M. The effectiveness of combined alcohol and sexual risk taking reduction interventions on the sexual behaviour of teenagers and young adults: A systematic review. Public Health. 2019;173:83-96. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2019.05.023. | Wrong population Wrong intervention |
| Armelius B-Å, Andreassen TH. Cognitive-Behavioral Treatment for Antisocial Behavior in Youth in Residential Treatment. Campbell Syst Rev. 2007;3(1):1-57. Available from: https://doi.org/10.4073/csr.2007.8. | Wrong intervention |
| Beaudry G, Yu R, Perry AE, Fazel S. Effectiveness of psychological interventions in prison to reduce recidivism: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials. Lancet Psychiatry. 2021;8(9):759-73. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(21)00170-X. | Wrong intervention |
| Brazão N, da Motta C, Rijo D. From multimodal programs to a new cognitive-interpersonal approach in the rehabilitation of offenders. Aggression Violent Behav. 2013;18(6):636-43. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.avb.2013/10.1016/S2215-0366(21)00170-X.07.018. | Wrong intervention |
| Davis JP. Effect of mindfulness based relapse prevention on developmental trends, stress, and substance use among young adults in residential substance use treatment: A randomized controlled trial: ProQuest Information & Learning; 2019. | Wrong publication type, dissertation Wrong intervention |
| De Swart JJW, Van den Broek H, Stams GJJM, Asscher JJ, Van der Laan PH, Holsbrink-Engels GA, et al. The effectiveness of institutional youth care over the past three decades: A meta-analysis. Child Youth Serv Rev. 2012;34(9):1818-24. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2012.05.015. | Wrong intervention |
| Donkoh C, Underhill K, Montgomery P. Independent Living Programmes for Improving Outcomes for Young People Leaving the Care System. Campbell Syst Rev. 2006;2(1):1-34. Available from: https://doi.org/10.4073/csr.2006.8. | Wrong intervention Wrong population |
| Doucet MM, Greeson JKP, Eldeeb N. Independent living programs and services for youth 'aging out' of care in Canada and the US: A systematic review. Child Youth Serv Rev. 2022;142. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2022.106630. | Wrong intervention Wrong population |
| Eadeh H-M, Breaux R, Nikolas MA. A meta-analytic review of emotion regulation focused psychosocial interventions for adolescents. Clin Child Family Psychol Rev. 2021;24(4):684-706. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-021-00362-4. | Wrong intervention Wrong population |
| Elliott L, Orr L, Watson L, Jackson A. Secondary prevention interventions for young drug users: a systematic review of the evidence. Adolescence. 2005;40(157). | Wrong intervention Wrong population |
| Everson-Hock ES, Jones R, Guillaume L, Clapton J, Duenas A, Goyder E, et al. Supporting the transition of looked-after young people to independent living: a systematic review of interventions and adult outcomes. Child Care Health Dev. 2011;37(6):767-79. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2214.2011.01287.x. | Wrong intervention Wrong population |
| Gagnon JC, Benedick AR, Mason-Williams L. Mental Health Interventions for Youth Who Are Incarcerated: A Systematic Review of Literature. Am J Orthopsychiatry. 2022;92(4):391-404. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000587. | Wrong intervention |
| Gagnon JC, Ruiz E, Mathur SR, Mason-Williams L. Interventions Addressing Incarcerated Youth Behavior: A Review of Literature. Am J Orthopsychiatry. 2022;92(4):405-17. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1037/ort0000621. | Wrong intervention |
| Grietens H, Hellinckx W. Evaluating effects of residential treatment for juvenile offenders by statistical metaanalysis: A review. Aggression Violent Behav. 2004;9(4):401-15. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1359-1789(03)00043-0. | Wrong publication type Wrong intervention |
| Hambrick EP, Oppenheim-Weller S, N'zi AM, Taussig HN. Mental health interventions for children in foster care: A systematic review. Child Youth Serv Rev. 2016;70:65-77. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2016.09.002. | Wrong population Wrong intervention |
| Hammarström S, Stenqvist K, Lindroth M. Sexual health interventions for young people in state care: a systematic review. Scand J Public Health. 2018;46(8):817-34. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/1403494818783077. | Wrong intervention |
| Howey W, Lundahl B, Assadollahi A. Effectiveness of Residential Treatment for Juveniles with Problematic Sexual Behavior: A Systematic Review. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022;19(23). Available from: https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192315625. | Wrong intervention |
| Jones C, Nonas-Barnes L. Effectiveness of Skills Groups for Adolescents in Correctional Settings: A Scientific Systematic Review. Columbia Social Work Review (Columbia University School of Social Work). 2017;8. | Wrong intervention |
| Kemmis-Riggs J, Dickes A, McAloon J. Program Components of Psychosocial Interventions in Foster and Kinship Care: A Systematic Review. Clin Child Family Psychol Rev. 2018;21(1):13-40. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10567-017-0247-0. | Wrong intervention Wrong population |
| Kvamme LS, Waaler P, Helland SS, Kjøbli J. Striving for Happily Ever After: Supportive Interventions for Youth Leaving Residential Placement. A Systematic Review of Reviews. Child Adolesc Ment Health. 2022;27(4):389-98. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/camh.12507. | Wrong publication type Wrong intervention Wrong population |
| Lanier P, Jensen T, Bryant K, Chung G, Rose R, Smith Q, et al. A systematic review of the effectiveness of children’s behavioral health interventions in psychiatric residential treatment facilities. Child Youth Serv Rev. 2020;113. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2020.104951. | Wrong intervention |
| Leipoldt JD, Harder AT, Kayed NS, Grietens H, Rimehaug T. Determinants and outcomes of social climate in therapeutic residential youth care: A systematic review. Child Youth Serv Rev. 2019;99:429-40. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.childyouth.2019.02.010. | Wrong focus |
| Maclean S, Cameron J, Harney A, Lee NK. Psychosocial therapeutic interventions for volatile substance use: a systematic review. Addiction. 2012;107(2):278-88. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2011.03650.x. | Wrong intervention Wrong population |
| Mak C, Whittingham K, Cunnington R, Boyd RN. Efficacy of Mindfulness-Based Interventions for Attention and Executive Function in Children and Adolescents—a Systematic Review. Mindfulness. 2018;9(1):59-78. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12671-017-0770-6. | Wrong intervention Wrong population |
| Reitzel LR, Carbonell JL. The effectiveness of sexual offender treatment for juveniles as measured by recidivism: A meta-analysis. Sex Abuse J Res Treat. 2006;18(4):401-21. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1177/107906320601800407. | Wrong intervention |
| Robert A, Illa JM, Navarro ME. The therapeutic community for substance use disorders among adolescents. Trastor Adict. 2012;14(4):112-7. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/S1575-0973(12)70054-5. | Wrong language - spanish |
| Tripodi SJ, Bender K. Substance abuse treatment for juvenile offenders: A review of quasi-experimental and experimental research. J Crim Justice. 2011;39(3):246-52. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrimjus.2011.02.007. | Wrong publication type, dissertation |
| Ahankari AS, Wray J, Jomeen J, Hayter M. The effectiveness of combined alcohol and sexual risk taking reduction interventions on the sexual behaviour of teenagers and young adults: A systematic review. Public Health. 2019;173:83-96. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.puhe.2019.05.023. | Wrong intervention |
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